Gilbucci
Dude..for real?
I've just realized that I know barely any chords. I find it pretty hilarious that i havent put in the effort to learn any these past 10 months I've been playing. So, what should I know?
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Wow. Well, depends on what you play. For jazz, forget it. You have to know many, many chords, and their harmonic movement within the scales.
For technical death metal, eh. Not so much, since it's mostly power chords and riffs. But harmonic themes and the relationship of pitches is pretty important, and that's the foundation of chord theory, so... doesn't hurt. Still, you won't need to sit down with Mel Bay's Big Book O' Chords if you go that route.
I'd say, offhand, know
1. Open position major/minor/7th chords.
2. Basic barre chords shapes - E maj/min, A maj/min, C major, maybe the D maj/min shapes. Hmm, those seem the most important, to me.
3. Learn about suspended chords (sus), which use what amounts to what they call "passing tones", or essentially temporary notes, that want to resolve to a more harmonious state within the chord. Like, playing a D major chord but you don't fret the 2nd fret high e string (F#). That's a D sus 2, since it "suspends" the e note, which is the second note in the D scale, when the chord wants the note to go to either D or F.
Learn what a triad is, first and foremost. Then understand what makes a chord major, minor, 7th, augmented, diminished, and then probably 9th, 11th, 13th, etc. (That part is easy)
Make sure you know the notes for your power chords, and inverted power chords (when you put the root on top). Also, I find partial triads useful, where you omit the fifth, and play the maj/min 3rd and the root.
Find a good online web resource to learn what you don't understand in my post, like this - http://www.8notes.com/guitar/ Got questions, ask away!
Learn what a triad is, first and foremost. Then understand what makes a chord major, minor, 7th, augmented, diminished, and then probably 9th, 11th, 13th, etc. (That part is easy)